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مروری بر فرآیندهای پیشرفته حذف ریزپلاستیک‌ها در آب و فاضلاب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شیراز

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه شیراز

10.22103/nrswe.2023.20931.1022

چکیده

ریزپلاستیک‌ها (میکروپلاستیک و نانوپلاستیک) در سراسر دنیا پراکنده شده‌اند و به عنوان یک آلاینده نوظهور و تهدید جدی برای محیط‌زیست به شمار می‌آیند. حضور آن‌ها در اکوسیستم‌های گوناگون به خصوص محیط‌های آبی نیز برای موجودات زنده بسیار خطرناک می‌باشد. بنابراین، یافتن یک فرآیند تصفیه کارآمد برای حذف ریزپلاستیک‌ها و یا توسعه و ارتقای روش‌های تصفیه پیشین بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌باشد. از این رو جامعه علمی تاکنون تحقیقاتی را بر روی گزینه‌های مختلف تصفیه و حذف ریزپلاستیک‌ها به انجام رسانیده است. در حال حاضر فرآیندهای مختلفی از جمله فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی توسط محققان برای حذف ریزپلاستیک‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است که در این میان، تعداد کمی از این روش‌ها دارای کارایی مناسب برای حذف ریزپلاستیک‌ها می‌باشند. فرآیند فیلتراسیون راندمان‌های حذف متفاوتی را از خود نشان داده است ولی دارای مشکلاتی همچون هزینه اولیه زیاد، گرفتگی غشاها و تعویض مکرر فیلترها است. فرآیند جذب و جداسازی مغناطیسی نیز به عنوان یک روش ساده حذف به شمار می‌آید، ولی افزودن جاذب‌ها ممکن است باعث آلودگی ثانویه گردد. همچنین فرآیندهای ترسیب شیمیایی و اکسیداسیون نیز ممکن است با مشکل مشابهی در رابطه با باقیمانده‌های مواد شیمیایی مواجه شوند. در مقابل، فرآیندهای تجزیه زیستی راندمان حذف پایینی را ارائه می‌دهند. لذا در پژوهش حاضر و در قالب انجام یک تحقیق مروری به بررسی تمامی فرآیندهای تصفیه ریزپلاستیک‌ها و بیان کارایی و مزایا و معایب این روش‌ها پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Review of Advanced Techniques for Removal of Microplastics in Water and Wastewater

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Avazpour 1
  • Masoud Noshadi 2

1 Shiraz University

2 Professor of Water Engineering Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics) are considered as an emerging pollutant and a serious threat to the environment which are distributed all over the world. The presence of plastic particles in various ecosystems, especially aquatic environments, is very life-threatening to diverse organisms. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find an effective treatment technology or to develop and improve conventional treatment technologies for the removal of microplastics and nanoplastics. So far, the scientific community has carried out some research on various options for treatment and removal of plastic particles. Currently, multiple technologies have been developed by researchers, including physical, chemical and biological, among which, few have shown good efficiency for removing microplastics and nanoplastics. Filtration technology has a various removal efficiency, but a relatively high cost due to membrane fouling and replacing new filters. The magnetic absorption and separation process is also considered as a simple removal method; however, the addition of absorbents may cause secondary pollution. Likewise, there is a similar problem of chemical residues in the chemical precipitation and oxidation techniques. In contrast, biodegradation technologies are often of a low degradation efficiency. In this review, major techniques for the removal of plastic particles and the mechanisms, efficiency, advantages, and disadvantages of these technologies have been discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water and wastewater treatment
  • Microplastics
  • Removal techniques
  • Pollution control
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پژوهش های نوین در مهندسی آب پایدار
دوره 1، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
اسفند 1401
صفحه 129-143
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 بهمن 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اسفند 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 اسفند 1401
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