نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشته آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد
2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه شهرکرد
3 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه شهرکرد.
چکیده
در سالهای اخیر استفاده از مواد اصلاحکننده خاک با هدف اصلاح ساختمان خاک رواج یافته است. این مواد میتواند ویژگی های فیزیکی و یا شیمیایی خاک را تغییر دهند. در پژوهش حاضر تغییرات هدایت الکتریکی و نفوذپذیری خاک در اثر افزودن بیوچار و بنتونیت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این هدف از 13 نمونه خاک حاوی دو سطح 2 و 3 درصد وزنی بیوچار چوب گردو که در دو دمای گرماکافت 400 و 600 درجه سانتیگراد تولید شده است به همراه سه سطح 2، 5 و 10 درصد وزنی بنتونیت و یک نمونه خاک استفاده شد. نمونه ها بعد از آماده سازی به مدت پنچ ماه استراحت داده شد (انکوباسیون) و سپس آزمایش انجام گردید. جهت انجام مقایسه میانگین بین نمونه ها از آزمون تی (t-Test) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد افزودن بیوچار و بنتونیت بصورت معنی داری هدایت الکتریکی خاک را افزایش و نفوذپذیری نهایی خاک را کاهش داده است. مقدار نفوذپذیری در نمونه های 2 و 3 درصد بیوچار بطور متوسط یک چهارم نفوذپذیری خاک بدون ماده اصلاحی بود. همچنین میزان نفوذپذیری در نمونه های حاوی 10 درصد بنتونیت (25/0 میلیمتر بر دقیقه) حدود 10 برابر کمتر از نمونه شاهد (6/2 میلیمتر بر دقیقه) بود. مقدار هدایت الکتریکی در نمونه های دارای 10 درصد بنتونیت نسبت به خاک بدون ماده اصلاحی بیشتر از 4 برابر و در نمونه های دارای 2 و 3 درصد بیوچار بطور متوسط حدود 2/3 برابر گزارش شد. با توجه به افزایش هدایت الکتریکی خاک توصیه میگردد از بیوچار و بنتونیت با دقت نظر بیشتری استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effect of Walnut Wood Biochar and Bentonite on Electrical Conductivity and Soil Permeability
نویسندگان [English]
- Elham Tavakoly 1
- Ahmad reza Ghasemi 2
- Hamid reza Motaghian 3
1 M.S. Student of Irrigation Drainage, Shahrekord University
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Shahrekord University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, University Shahrekord,
چکیده [English]
In recent years, the use of soil amendments with the aim of improving texture or increasing water capacity has become popular. This can affect the physical or chemical properties of the soil. In the present study, changes in electrical conductivity and soil permeability due to the addition of biochar and betonies were investigated. For this, 13 samples with two levels of 2% and 3% walnut wood biochar at two temperatures of 400°C and 600°C, were prepared, together with three levels of 2%, 5% and 10% bentonite and one soil sample without materials was used. The samples incubated for five months. The t-test was also used to check the difference between the samples. The results showed that both biochar and bentonite are able to significantly increase EC and decrease soil permeability. The average permeability value for samples with 2 and 3 percent biochar is a quarter of the permeability of soils without amendment. Adding bentonite to the soil reduced permeability such that the permeability of samples containing 10% bentonite (0.25 mm/min) was approximately ten times lower than that of the control sample (2.6 mm/ min). The electrical conductivity value in the samples with 10% bentonite is more than 4 times higher than in the soil without amendment, and in the samples with 2 and 3% biochar, it is on average about 2.3 times higher. Considering the increase in soil electrical conductivity, it is recommended to use biochar and bentonite with more accuracy.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- t- Test
- Soil Amendments
- Incubation
- Pyrolysis temperature
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